航班计划优化研究概述

从航班计划优化的不同时间阶段分析,可以将航班计划优化分为航班计划静态编排优化、基于航班延误预测的航班计划动态反馈优化和基于机场协同决策(A-CDM)的航班计划动态调整角度三类;进而从航班时刻、机型指派、航班频率等编制环节分析了航班计划静态编排优化;随后利用延误波及预测与数据挖掘预测的优化方法分析了基于航班延误预测的航班计划动态反馈优化的相关研究。最后,根据航班计划优化复杂性分析,给出了航班计划优化的发展趋势和未来研究方向。     

乘积型指数滤波器及其在多目标时延估计中的应用

指数滤波器是一类新构造出来的输出信噪比和目标时延分辨力随指数变化的滤波器，该滤波器在损失一定输出信噪比的前提下可以有效提高目标时延分辨力，从而提高目标时延估计精度,但仅采用单个指数滤波器仍存在输出信噪比和目标时延分辨力均达不到实际需求的情况。在乘积型高阶模糊函数乘积运算的启发下，在指数滤波器的基础上提出了一种新的乘积型指数滤波器，并分析了该乘积型指数滤波器的输出信噪比及目标时延分辨力等性能。仿真实验表明，所提的乘积型指数滤波器在低信噪比情况下可以更有效提高多目标时延估计精度，且算法简单易于实现，适用于背景复杂的多目标参数估计任务。     

职业延迟满足对员工过劳的影响研究——职业成长机会的调节作用

目前，员工过劳问题在我国企业发展中日益凸显，需要予以重视和解决。基于个体与组织互动角度，通过对338名企业员工的问卷调查分析职业延迟满足和职业成长机会对员工过劳的影响，并检验职业成长机会对职业延迟满足影响员工过劳的调节作用，结果表明：职业延迟满足的两个维度（工作延迟满足和职业生涯延迟满足）均对员工过劳有显著正向影响，而职业成长机会对员工过劳有显著负向影响；职业成长机会对职业延迟满足影响员工过劳具有负向调节作用，即职业成长机会越大，职业延迟满足与员工过劳的正向关系越弱。因此，企业管理者应合理引导和帮助员工做好职业生涯规划，为员工提供合适的多元化发展通道，以有效预防和缓解员工过劳。     

Collaborative delay management towards demand-capacity balancing within User Driven Prioritisation Process

The concept of User Driven Prioritisation Process (UDPP) was introduced to give Airspace Users (AUs) more flexibility under demand-capacity imbalance. This paper presents two UDPP-DCB models, built on the UDPP principle, using the Selective Flight Protection (SFP) approach to minimize the total delay cost. AUs are enabled to adapt their operations in a more cost-efficient way in the presence of capacity constraints in airspace, optimizing their flights to keep the priorities track. Then, ATFM integrates the AUs’ decision to reassign the time slots and the preferred rerouting trajectories. Results suggest that the delay cost for AUs can be largely reduced through applying the UDPP-DCB models proposed in this paper, while allowing rerouting proves effective in reducing the system delay cost.     

单光子卫星量子通信噪声和干扰分析

卫星量子通信是建立全球量子通信网络的最佳选择之一。针对采用偏振编码的卫星量子通信中的偏振保持问题,研究了大气散射和卫星与地面站间相对运动等因素对量子偏振态相位和对准的影响以及相位延迟和对准误差对系统量子误码率的影响,分析了背景噪声和系统硬件噪声对通信产生的影响以及单光子通信过程中可能受到的光子分离攻击干扰,为量子信号认知设计提供借鉴意义。     

Modeling cascade dynamics of railway networks under inclement weather

Understanding the cascade dynamics of delay propagation under inclement weather is crucial to proactive railway management. In this paper, we proposed a Switching Max-Plus System (SMPS) to model the delay propagation on railway networks, which extends the conventional MPS by incorporating multiple system matrices to capture the dynamic impacts of inclement weather. An algorithm based on the All-Paired Critical-Path (APCP) graph was developed to solve the SMPS, which calculates secondary delays without backtracking the precedent events. The proposed model and its solution algorithm were validated using discrete-time simulations on both artificial and empirical networks. The robustness of railway services was also analyzed using the concepts of vulnerability and diffusivity.     

视频业务识别方法综述

视频用户体验的质量要求给网络传输带来了巨大挑战，未来的虚拟现实/增强现实(Virtual Reality/Augmented Reality，VR/AR) 视频业务则对交互时延提出了更高要求。视频业务识别是网络运营商及视频业务提供商对视频进行优先网络资源分配和自适应速率控制的基本前提。综述了业务识别领域的一般研究方法及其对视频业务的具体应用。首先，总结了每种业务识别方法的工作原理，对比了这些方法应用于视频业务时的优缺点及在准确率和召回率指标上的识别性能;然后，特别介绍了可以提升识别准确率和计算性能的特征选择算法;最后，阐述并分析了高吞吐量网络分类速度不够、无成熟视频业务识别平台和样本分布不均衡等视频业务识别面临的挑战，并针对现有业务识别方法存在的问题，给出了引入移动边缘计算、基于端口的方法串联其他识别方法等可能的解决方案。     

上海市交通拥堵成本测算及对策研究

依据美国德克萨斯运输学院交通拥挤外部成本的经典测算模型，将交通运输拥挤成本分为时间延误成本、额外燃油消耗成本、环境污染物排放成本和噪音成本三个方面，对于2015年上海市工作日高峰期交通拥挤的外部成本进行了详细的测算。结果表明，交通拥堵的外部成本约占当年上海市GDP的0.63%。最后，对于交通拥堵成本较高的现状提出了包括对上海市部分高度拥堵路段或区域收取拥堵费、大力发展上海市公共交通和发展交通快慢型出行方式共存在内的相关政策和建议。     

Promoting cost efficiency and uniformity in parcel delivery centre locations and service areas: a GIS-based analysis

This paper provides a systematic framework to determine local delivery centre (LDC) locations and service areas to reduce delivery costs and balance the allocation of parcel delivery loads to promote sustainable LDC development. Based on a case study of a parcel distribution company in Korea, this study proposes two strategies for LDC service area delineation within each terminal service boundary that either minimises the total delivery time or balances the allocation of delivery loads. This research contributes to improving cost efficiency and balancing delivery load allocations in planning LDC locations and service areas that can potentially promote the long-term mutual sustainable development of parcel distribution companies and their local delivery counterparts.     

IMMEDIATE SETTLEMENT OR ENDURING A STRIKE: THE CHOICE OF SIGNALS

Some labour contract negotiations involve strikes while most conclude with immediate settlement. This article offers a model of union‐firm negotiation with private information to show that either strikes or immediate settlement will take place in the equilibrium. Different from most signalling literature where the signals are exogenously given, this article endogenizes the choice of signals. We compare two signals, the employment level and the strategic delay. We show that the low‐revenue firm will choose the signal which gives it higher payoff while separating itself from the high‐revenue firm.