工作—家庭平衡的企业制度安排

工作已经通过网络渗入家庭,员工面临严重的工作—家庭冲突,影响组织绩效和生活质量。工作—家庭平衡作为企业家庭伦理理论的核心问题已成为制度设计的中心问题。对工作—家庭平衡制度安排的理论与实证研究发现,工作—家庭平衡还没有成为政府、企业和员工的共享信念,制度设计失去社会价值观基础;弹性工作制是有效的正式企业制度;家庭照顾福利是无效的正式企业制度;经理须持之以恒支持员工平衡工作—家庭需要、控制因享用工作—家庭平衡福利而带来的负面职业生涯后果。两者是有效的非正式制度安排。据此提出的政策建议是:政府要在全社会倡导、培育以工作—家庭平衡为核心的企业家庭伦理管理哲学、提供家庭照顾福利作为公共制度供给;企业进行系统的组织文化改造;员工培育照顾家庭的应得权利感。     

工作—家庭增益方格模型构建研究

移动互联网对工作一家庭关系产生了重大影响,这使得已有的工作一家庭增益理论模型不再适用。据此,本文深入剖析了移动互联网时代工作—家庭关系的新特点以及现有工作一家庭增益理论模型存在的主要缺陷。基于边界理论,从人与环境匹配,即“供需均衡”的视角出发,分别以工作弹性意愿和工作弹性能力,以及家庭弹性意愿和家庭弹性能力为关键变量,构建了工作对家庭增益二维模型和家庭对工作增益二维模型。在这两个二维模型的基础上,本文构建了包括16种不同水平与不同质量的工作对家庭增益和家庭对工作增益组合状态的工作一家庭增益方格模型。员工在16个方格中所处的位置能够发生移动,而移动互联网增加了他们移动的契机和频率。基于工作—家庭增益方格模型,本文进一步认为,企业在对员工的工作—家庭增益进行干预时,应以帮助处于“非理想方格”的员工实现向“理想区域方格”的转化为着力点。     

工作分享对促进工作—生活平衡的作用研究

本文在分析工作分享理论和实践的基础上,剖析了我国实施工作分享的现实需求,提出了中国实施工作分享对促进企业员工工作—生活平衡的理论设想,并进行了实证研究,验证了实施工作分享可以缓解工作—家庭冲突、促进工作—生活平衡,一定程度上降低工作压力。工作分享理论是“以人为本”的管理理论,有利于员工全面发展,实现员工从“经济人”向“社会人”,再向“自我实现人”的发展,有利于建设积极的员工与企业的协调关系。     

平衡企业和员工关系跷跷板

<正>管理,是平衡的艺术;有效的管理,是不断建立起有效的平衡体系。如果借用一个比喻的话,这种平衡,就像是一个跷跷板,在一边失衡时,就一定要控制好另一边,采取有效的方法使企业始终处于一种稳定、有序、平衡的状态。企业和员工的关系不外乎两大方面,一是企业之于员工,二是员工之于企业。随着市场经济不断深化,组织和个人已经不再是纯粹的单向发展关系了,员工需要与企业一起成长,企业必须与员工共同发展,已经成为企业科学发展的必然选择。掌握平衡的艺术最关键的是保持企业和员工关系的平衡,使企业和员工责、权、利实现对等。     

如何进行企业核心员工人力资源的开发

本文从回顾人力资源开发理论发展历程入手,提出核心员工的概念,论证核心员工开发工作的重要意义,重点阐述企业开发核心员工的运营机制。文章重点从选人和留人两个维度阐述如何建立和完善企业核心员工开发机制,并认为有效整合人才招聘体系、员工培训体系、员工职业生涯规划体系和绩效考核制度是开发核心员工的应有内涵。     

高科技企业人才心理契约特征的实证分析

心理契约理论认为组织和员工之间达成的心理契约会对员工的工作满意感、组织公民行为、组织承诺、离职倾向等产生显著影响，是员工工作态度和行为的深层激励因素，也是组织变革时代维持组织和员工之间平衡关系的重要力量。本文试图通过高科技企业人才与普通员工的心理契约差异来研究高科技企业人才的心理契约特征，以期为高科技企业人才激励提供新的途径和方法。     

企业管理中激励机制的运用

在企业管理中,激励就是激发员工的工作动机,引导、促使员工为实现组织的目标做出最大努力。作为企业人力资源重要组成部分——员工,是企业核心竞争力的载体。因此,构建并实施合理有效的激励机制,对于充分发挥员工工作积极性,进一步完善现代企业制度,建立和谐劳资关系,保证电力企业科学发展具有重要意义。     

我国股票市场制度风险的生成机理与化解

一、股票市场的制度风险一般理论股票市场制度风险 ,是指由于制度缺陷及不确定性所导致的风险。这里所说的制度 ,是指“一系列被制定出来的规则、守法的程序与行为的道德伦理规范 ,它旨在约束追求主体福利或效用最大化的个人行为” ,非传统经济学意义上的制度 ,被视为影响社会经济发展的内生变量。它包括一系列正式和非正式制度安排 ,主要指国家规定的正式规则、由社会认可的非正式规则和实施机制所构成。非正式规则是在现有的社会政治经济体制下形成的对股市所采取意识形态、价值观念、道德观念、行为准则等。正式规则是指人们有意识创造的…     

薪酬管理是把双刃剑——国企薪酬改革露端倪

薪酬病症是在日积月累中形成的，已经成为许多施工企业人力资源发展的瓶颈，严重制约了企业的进一步发展。可喜的是，越来越多的施工企业已经意识到这个问题，并试图改革，因为薪酬体系是企业人力资源管理的重要组成部分，灵活有效，全面科学的薪酬制度，对激励员工和保持员工的稳定性具有重要作用，对培育企业核心竞争能力和竞争优势具有重要意义。     

落实带薪休假 促企业和谐发展

带薪年休假是企业员工的一项权利,也是一项重要的福利,它在调整员工身心状态,提升员工工作幸福感,增强员工对企业的归属感、凝聚力方面,发挥了不可替代的作用。企业带薪休假实施中的问题带薪休假制度最早起源于法国,1936年法国对本国工人阶层实行每年享受两个星期的带薪假期制度。目前法国的最低带薪休假已达     

The Effects of Work Stressors,Perceived Organizational Support,and Gender on Work-Family Conflict in Hong Kong

This study examined the direct and moderating effects of perceived organizational support (POS) and gender on the relationship between work stressors and work-family conflict for a sample of Hong Kong Chinese employees. As predicted, we found that POS is negatively related to both FWC (family-to-work conflict) and WFC (work-to-family conflict), and that work stressors (including role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload) are positively related to FWC and WFC. Additionally, the positive relationship between role overload and WFC was found to be weaker when POS was high, suggesting that POS can offset the adverse impact of role overload.     

Comparing FTTH access networks based on P2P and PMP fibre topologies

There is an ongoing discussion in the market which Next Generation Access (NGA) architecture best suits future needs and which investment and cost differences exist. The discussion can be subsumed as P2P vs. GPON, which is somewhat misleading as this article reveals. The discussion is driven by the fact that the high capital cost and the long asset life time of fibre mean that the technology choices made today will dominate the opportunities for telecommunication business of all market players, incumbents, competitors, content providers and business and residential users for many years in the future.The paper analyzes the cost and other differences between Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) access network architectures and their related different wholesale approaches by using the well-known and understood steady state approach applied in other NGA analyses in the past. In addition to the steady state analysis a dynamic cost evaluation is included taking into account the different investment behaviour of the FTTH architectures over time. The results describe investment and cost differences between architectures, incumbents and wholesale based competitive operators. The analysis has been performed for different geotypes (clusters) of decreasing population density in a representative European settlement structure.     

Indigenous peoples’ nutrition transition in a right to food perspective

In indigenous communities the nutrition transition characterized by a rapid westernization of diet and lifestyle is associated with rising prevalence of chronic disease. Field work and literature reviews from two different policy environments, Argentina (Jujuy) and Canada (Nunavut), identified factors that add to indigenous peoples’ disease risk. The analytical framework was the emerging human right to adequate food approach to policies and programmes. Indigenous peoples’ chronic disease risk tends to increase as a result of government policies that infringe on indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and territories, undermining their economic system, values and solidarity networks. Policies intended to increase food security, including food aid, may also fuel the nutrition transition. There is a need to explore further the connection between well-intended policies towards indigenous peoples and the development of chronic diseases, and to broaden the understanding of the role that different forms of discrimination play in the westernization of their lifestyles, values and food habits. Food policies that take due account of indigenous peoples’ human rights, including their right to enjoy their culture, may counteract the growth of chronic disease in these communities.     

A strategic skill based model of supplier integration and its effect on supply management performance

Supplier integration is a tool to help organizations gain competitive advantage. Strategic supply management skills and the supply management function's perceived status are hypothesized as antecedents to supplier integration leading to supply management performance. The sample for this study includes 152 executive level supply management professionals. The empirical results suggest that strategic skills and perceived status are essential antecedents to supplier integration and subsequent performance. Further, the relationship between strategic skills and performance is mediated by supplier integration. Results of a dominance analysis also suggest which strategic skills are most likely to explain status integration, and performance. These findings have significant implications for supply management theory and practice.     

面向对象的程序设计

用Ｃ＋ ＋ 语言阐述面向对象程序设计中封装和继承的概念以及在实际中怎样运用这些概念提高程序设计水平。     

Cost allocation of WCDMA and wholesale pricing for mVoIP and data services

This study estimates cost-based prices for wholesale voice and data services provided to 3G (WCDMA) MVNOs according to their distinct types. For estimation, 3G MVNOs are classified into different types, and the overall cost of WCDMA facilities are separated into voice and data components based on their subscriber rates, actual traffic rates, as well as efficiency consideration of traffic rates. The study then calculates cost-based wholesale prices of voice and data services for each of the 3G MVNO types. The result of this study shows that a cost-plus pricing scheme can help achieve the policy goals of the regulator, namely, lowering telecommunications tariffs and facilitating the introduction of new convergent-type services, far more effectively than the current retail-minus pricing scheme. The findings of this study may assist firms in developing business models based on 3G networks and telecom regulators in designing policies related to interconnection, mVoIP, prepaid calls, wholesale services, and network neutrality.     

Collectivism,individualism, and outgroup cooperation in a segmented China

A consistent theme in cross-cultural management research is that collectivists are more cooperative than individualists. We use Hofstede's measure for individualism–collectivism and combine it with an experimental measure of cooperation to test this relationship in China. In contrast to the established paradigm, we find that groups with higher individualistic scores are more cooperative than those groups with higher collectivistic scores. We attribute these results to groups being composed of outgroup members. In addition, we find that subjects from the more developed coastal area are more individualistic and cooperative than are subjects from inland China.

应用CGI技术创建CAI网页计数器

:CGI( Common Gateway Interface)是应用程序与 Web服务器交互的一个标准接口 ,利用该技术可以实现 HTML不具备的交互式主页功能。本文将通过“教育窗”主页的访问 (点击 )计算器的开发应用实例 ,提出了两种使用 CGI技术实现点击计数的方案